API throttling limits the number of API requests a user can make within a specified time frame. This mechanism acts as a gatekeeper between users or other applications and the underlying software services. It ensures resources are fairly distributed and prevents any single entity from overwhelming the system.
For example, when a user posts a status update on a social media platform, the API throttling mechanism maintains the number of requests within acceptable limits. This approach sustains overall system performance and reliability.
API throttling sets predefined limits on the number of requests an API can handle within a specific time window, such as per second, minute, or hour. When a user exceeds these limits, subsequent requests are either delayed or rejected until the next time window begins.
Common strategies for implementing throttling include fixed window, sliding window, and token bucket algorithms. These strategies help manage and smooth out traffic spikes, ensuring consistent performance even under high demand.
By limiting the number of requests, throttling prevents system overloads. This ensures that APIs remain responsive and reliable even during high-traffic periods. Maintaining optimal performance levels enhances user experience.
API throttling serves as one component of a broader security strategy against various types of attacks like denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. It restricts the number of incoming requests from any single source. This reduces the risk of malicious activities that aim to disrupt service availability.
Throttling ensures that all users have equitable access to API resources. It prevents scenarios where a few users consume disproportionate amounts of resources. This maintains fairness and consistency across the user base.